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OCCURRENCE OF AFLATOXINOGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR DETECTION USING PCR
Authors: Zachová Iveta | Vytřasová Jarmila | Červenka Libor | Harsová Klára
Year: 2005
Type of publication: ostatní - přednáška nebo poster
Name of source: Book of abstracts, BioMicro World2005
Publisher name: Formatex Research Center
Place:
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Titles:
Language Name Abstract Keywords
cze Výskyt aflatoxinogenních plísní a jejich detekce pomocí PCR určeno pro seznam publikací PCR; aflatoxinogenní plísně; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus
eng OCCURRENCE OF AFLATOXINOGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR DETECTION USING PCR Aflatoxin contamination of foods and feeds is a word-wide problem. Aflatoxins are highly toxic and carcinogenic in animals and humans, producing acute liver damage, liver cirrhosis, tumor induction, and teratogenesis. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 are major aflatoxins produced by fungi, mainly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Until recently, the only other species reported to make aflatoxin was A. nomius [1]. This species is morphologically very similar to A. flavus. In 1996, Goto et al. reported aflatoxin production by an isolate of A. tamarii Kita [2]. Although, it belongs to Aspergillus section Flavi as the other aflatoxigenic species it is quite distinct morphologically. Isolates of this species were not previously known to produce aflatoxin [3]. For the production of aflatoxins it is particularly important where their biosynthetic pathway stops. Most types of the fungi Aspergillus produce toxic metabolites (versicolorines or sterigmatocystine) however, only some strains of A. flavus or A. parasiticus, etc. convert them into aflatoxins. The ability to produce more final compounds was described in some cases. Their occurrence depends on the types of enzymes active in the particular culture. Predominance of a particular compound in the culture can be achieved, e.g., by changing the temperature or substrate composition [4]. This work covers the possibility of using PCR method for acceleration and more accurate identification of the aflatoxinogenic fungi isolated from feed, food and foodstuffs. The method was optimised on pure cultures (Aspergillus flavus CCM F-108 and Aspergillus parasiticus CCM F-550). The specifity of the optimised PCR method was verified using various fungal strains. 118 samples of food and feed were examined, of which 38 (32,2 %) were positive for the presence of the aflatoxinogenic fungi on AFPA medium. Isolated Aspergillus strains were examined using PCR method (detection of ver-1 and apa-2 gene encoding afl Aflatoxinodenic fungi; PCR, Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus

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