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Combined Macro-/Mesoporous Microelectrode Arrays for Low-Noise Extracellular Recording of Neural Networks
Authors: Heim Matthias | Rousseau Lionel | Reculusa Stephane | Urbanová Veronika | Mazzocco Claire | Joucla Sebastien | Bouffier Laurent | Vytřas Karel | Bartlett Philip | Kuhn Alexander | Yvert Blaise
Year: 2012
Type of publication: článek v odborném periodiku
Name of source: Journal of Neurophysiology
Publisher name: American Physiological Society
Place: Bethesda
Page from-to: 1793-1803
Titles:
Language Name Abstract Keywords
cze Kombinované makro/mesoporózní elektrodové pole pro detekci nervových signálů Pole standardních platinových mikroelektrod byly překryty vysoce porézní platinovou vrstvou získanou způsobem templátování lyotropických kapalných krystalů. Tyto porézní překryvy byly mechanicky robustnější než vrstva platinové černě. Měly podstatně zvětšený aktivní povrch, což ve srovnání s obvyklými plochými elektrodami vedlo k 3krát menší úrovni šumu. Tento přístup může být tudíž využit k sestavení vysoce hustých polí mikroelektrod malých rozměrů k detekci nervových signálů. elektrofyziologie, nanotechnologie, nervové implantáty, multielektrody, nervové sondy
eng Combined Macro-/Mesoporous Microelectrode Arrays for Low-Noise Extracellular Recording of Neural Networks Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are appealing tools to probe large neural ensembles and build neural prostheses. Microelectronics microfabrication technologies now allow building high-density MEAs containing several hundreds of microelectrodes. However, several major problems become limiting factors when the size of the microelectrodes decreases. In particular, regarding recording of neural activity, the intrinsic noise level of a microelectrode dramatically increases when the size becomes small (typically below 20-mu m diameter). Here, we propose to overcome this limitation using a template-based, single-scale meso-or two-scale macro-/mesoporous modification of the microelectrodes, combining the advantages of an overall small geometric surface and an active surface increased by several orders of magnitude. For this purpose, standard platinum MEAs were covered with a highly porous platinum overlayer obtained by lyotropic liquid crystal templating possibly in combination with a microsphere templating approach. These porous coatings were mechanically more robust than Pt-black coating and avoid potential toxicity issues. They had a highly increased active surface, resulting in a noise level similar to 3 times smaller than that of conventional flat electrodes. This approach can thus be used to build highly dense arrays of small-size microelectrodes for sensitive neural signal detection. electrophysiology; nanotechnology; neural implant; prosthesis; multielectrode; neural probes

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