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The Health Risk of Cd Released from Low-Cost Jewelry

Autoři: Pouzar Miloslav | Zvolská Magdalena | Jarolim Oldrich | Audrlická Vavrušová Lenka

Rok: 2017

Druh publikace: článek v odborném periodiku

Název zdroje: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Strana od-do: 520-527

Tituly:

Jazyk	Název	Abstrakt	Klíčová slova
cze	Zdravotní riziko Cd uvolňujícího se z levných šperků	Práce se zabývá zdravotním rizikem, které představuje Cd uvolěné z levných šperků. Vzorky levných šperků byly louženy v roztocích modelového kyselého a alkalického potu. Množství uvolněného Cd bylo měřeno pomocí spektroskopie laserem indukovaného mikroplazmatu (LIBS). Byl proveden kvantitativní odhad zdravotního rizika, které je spojeno s dermální expozicí uvolněnému Cd.
eng	The Health Risk of Cd Released from Low-Cost Jewelry	The composition of the surface layer of 13 low-cost jewelry samples with a high Cd content was analyzed using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED XRF). The analyzed jewels were obtained in cooperation with the Czech Environmental Inspectorate. The jewels were leached in two types of artificial sweat (acidic and alkaline) for 7 days. Twenty microliters of the resulting solution was subsequently placed on a paper carrier and analyzed by an LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometry) spectrometer after drying. The Cd content in the jewelry surface layer detected by using ED XRF ranged from 13.4% to 44.6% (weight per weight-w/w). The samples were subsequently leached in artificial alkaline, and the acidic sweat and leachates were analyzed using laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS). The amount of released Cd into alkaline sweat ranged from 24.0 to 370 mu g Cd per week, respectively 3.23-61.7 mu g/cm(2)/week. The amount of released Cd into acidic sweat ranged from 16.4 to 1517 mu g Cd per week, respectively 3.53-253 mu g/cm(2)/week. The limit of Cd for dermal exposure is not unequivocally determined in the countries of the EU (European Union) or in the U.S. Based on the US EPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency) approach used to establish the reference dose (RfD) for Cd contained in food and information about the bioavailability of Cd after dermal exposure, we assessed our own value of dermal RfD. The value was compared with the theoretical amount of Cd, which can be absorbed into the organism from jewelry in contact with the skin. The calculation was based on the amount of Cd that was released into acidic and alkaline sweat. The highest amount of Cd was released into acidic sweat, which represents 0.1% of dermal RfD and into alkaline sweat, 0.5% of dermal RfD.	Cd; low-cost jewelry; dermal exposition; health risk; LIBS

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