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Toxigenic Fusarium in Food and Feed

Autoři: Brožková Iveta | Vytřasová Jarmila | Svobodová Lucie | Červenka Libor | Pejchalová Marcela

Rok: 2006

Druh publikace: článek ve sborníku

Název zdroje: 20th International ICFMH Symposium Food Micro 2006

Název nakladatele: International Committee on Food Microbiology and Hygiene

Místo vydání: Bologna, Itálie

Strana od-do: 412

Tituly:

Jazyk	Název	Abstrakt	Klíčová slova
cze	Toxinogenní fusária v potravinách a krmivech.	určeno pro seznam publikací	Fusarium spp., Fusarium graminearum, toxigení plísně, PCR Tri5 gen, trichotheceny, mycotoxiny
eng	Toxigenic Fusarium in Food and Feed	Contamination of small-grain cereals with the fungal species Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. poae and F. sporotrichioides is an important source of trichothecenes, zearalenone and other mycotoxins which cause serious diseases in human and animals. Early detection and control of these Fusarium species is crucial to prevent toxins entering the food chain and a useful tool in disease management practices. Two PCR methods were evaluated for the successful identification of Fusarium species. The PCR was performed using a primer specifically targeted to Tri5 gene. The extraction technique of DNA by Cenis (1992) and the PCR procedure according to Edwards et al. (2001)) were compared with the DNA isolation and amplification using the Plant PCR Kit. The sensitivity of the latter method was determined using the reference strain of Fusarium graminearum CCM F-683 and the selectivity was examined using reference cultures of different genera of fungi naturally occurring in food and feedstuff. Fifty food and feedstuff samples were examined for the presence of trichothecenes-producing Fusarium. In total, seven Fusarium species were isolated, of which five reacted positively with the primer, resulting in the expected size amplicon of 260 pb. Macroscopic and microscopic features were observed on the pure culture of Fusarium and on fungi isolated in relation to their growth in different laboratory media. Morphological features are important for species classification where the PCR can distinguish between toxigenic and non-toxigenic fungi of Fusarium. These fungi could be detected within 2 days, while their identification by macroscopic and microscopic features takes 2-3 weeks. Thus the PCR technique has proved itself a reliable and rapid method for the detection of the toxigenic species Fusarium.	Fusarium spp., Fusarium graminearum, toxigenic fungi, polymerase chain reaction, Tri5 gene, trichothecenes, mycotoxins

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